After breast cancer carcinoma of the cervix is the second most common malignant disease in women. It occurs more commonly in women above 40-55 age groups and the age group who is sexually active cervical cancer can be prevented by regular Pap smear of sexually active age group.
Risk factor of cervical cancer are intercourse before 18 years, multiple sex partners, multiparty with poor birth spacing, poor personal and genital hygiene, poor socio-economic status, smoking, immunocompromised individuals, women with history of pre invasive lesion, women who do not come for regular checkup and pap smear.
Sign and symptoms are irregular periods, metrorragia, post coital bleeding, leucorrhoea, offensive discharge, pain in back and leg, fever.
Diagnosis is done by biopsy, histopathology, Pap smear lab investigation, etc.
Prevention of cervical cancer can be done by instructing clients to avoid early intercourse, limit number of sexual partners, use condom, have nutritious diet, emphasis that women should get regular Pap smear test.
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