Pulmonary Tuberculosis, an infectious disease primarily affecting the lung parenchyma, caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. It may spread to almost any part of the body, including the meninges, kidney, bones and lymph nodes. The disease is usually chronic with varying clinical manifestation.
The initial infection usually occurs 2 to 10 weeks after exposure. The patient may then develop active disease because of a compromised or inadequate immune system response. TB is worldwide public health problem and the leading cause of death among HIV positive patients.
Risk factor are close contact with infected person residence in overcrowded, immunocompromised, diabetes patient, malnourished patient, people lacking adequate health care.
Its sign and symptoms are low grade fever, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, night sweats, chest pain, non-productive cough which may progress to mucoprulent sputum with hemoptysis.
Prevention is the ideal form of management like, having balanced diet, living in a clean environment, avoiding close contact with infected person, early BCG immunization, etc. after occurrence of disease, DOTS is done as its treatment.
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